A dye sensitized solar cell is mainly composed of three parts. The first part, The substrate, is the negative terminal. It has a layer of transparent glass outside, and a coating of transparent conductive oxide (TCO) inside that allows sun light to pass through. The middle part: a layer of dye sensitizers is attached to a layer of nano-structured titanium dioxide (TiO2), which is attached to the negative terminal to collect sunlight, all of which are immersed in an electrolyte solution to allow charge transportation. The top part is the positive terminal. It contains a coating of carbon (graphite) or platinum for electron transfer, and an outside layer made of transparent glass. The top and bottom parts are joined together to prevent the middle portion from leaking.
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